Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.triboint.2004.07.011

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J-GLOBAL

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.43.L1406

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.37.6128

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1149/1.2086540

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J-GLOBAL

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DOI： 10.1002/adem.202300933

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2023.109816

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2022.109533

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2022.109573

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2021.108749

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2021.108384

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DOI： 10.3390/ma14092300

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DOI： 10.3390/ma14040719

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DOI： 10.1007/s11666-020-01108-4

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DOI： 10.1007/s11666-020-01071-0

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DOI： 10.20965/ijat.2020.p0099

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2019.107609

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Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

DOI： 10.1115/LEMP2020-8589

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DOI： 10.1115/LEMP2020-8592

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.125062

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Trans Tech Publications Ltd  

DOI： 10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.264.70

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/14686996.2016.1262196

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Applied Physics  

DOI： 10.11470/jsapmeeting.2016.2.0_90

CiNii Research

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.11.014

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 精密工学会  

カーボンナノチューブ (CNT) は，高比表面積，高導電性を有しており，電極材料としての応用が期待されている．微生物燃料電池 (MFC) はバイオマスを燃料とした低環境負荷のエネルギー源の一つとして近年注目を集めているが, 実用化に向けて単位電極面積当たりの高出力化が課題となっている. 本研究は, CNTのMFCのアノード溶液への添加および電池セルの直列接続により, MFCの実用化に向けた高出力化電池セルの作製を試みたものである.

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2016S.0_725

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 精密工学会  

チタンは生体内で体液と反応し，表面に水酸化アパタイトが析出することで生体骨と結合する．骨折固定器具等の治癒後に抜去する場合には骨形成しにくい表面が求められており，用途によりチタン表面の骨形成能の制御が必要である．本研究では，シランカップリング処理を用いて種々の官能基でチタン基板を修飾し，それらの表面特性の評価と擬似体液への浸漬試験を行うことで，チタンの表面特性と骨形成能との関係を調査・検討した．

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2016S.0_727

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.04.085

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.04.107

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Applied Physics  

DOI： 10.11470/jsapmeeting.2015.1.0_1218

CiNii Research

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier Ltd  

DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2014.11.006

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 精密工学会  

生体内では生体材料として知られる金属チタン表面のチタニアと体液が反応することでアパタイトが析出する．この析出したアパタイトを介してチタニア表面と生体骨が強く結合し，人工骨等の機能を果たす．本研究はSPR現象を利用した測定法を用いて，異なるイオン濃度下でのチタニア表面のアパタイト析出速度を測定し，アパタイトの析出を検出した．更に本法を用い性体液中のNa⁺，Ca²⁺濃度がアパタイト析出反応に与える影響も評価した．

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2015S.0_1085

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier Ltd  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2015.01.007

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Applied Physics  

DOI： 10.11470/jsapmeeting.2014.2.0_1164

CiNii Research

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Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2014.01.020

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Trans Tech Publications Ltd  

DOI： 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.970.124

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.proeng.2014.10.294

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

DOI： 10.1179/1432891713Z.000000000298

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2013.09.002

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Language：English   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

For this study, four kinds of DLC films were prepared using the ionized evaporation method. The substrate voltage was controlled, from 1 to 3 kV. Three kinds of films were prepared with benzene, and one with cyclohexane as the source gas. The DLC structure could be controlled using these parameters. This is related to hardness and optical properties. Various types of DLC films, which were used in round-robin testing for standardization were also analyzed in this study. These DLC films were deposited on Si substrates using the ionized evaporation method, the sputtering method, the arc method, and the plasma CVD method. The hardness of DLC films was determined using the nano-indentation technique. The refractive index and the extinction coefficient of DLC films were evaluated using a spectroscopic ellipsometer. The refractive index of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) was found to be relatively high, from 2.50 to 2.74, whereas the extinction coefficient was low, from 0.04 to 0.50. For hydrogenated tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C:H), the refractive index was lower than ta-C. Hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) showed its own unique extinction coefficient and refractive index range, as did amorphous carbon (a-C). The refractive index was found to be proportional to the hardness of DLC films. The refractive index and the extinction coefficient were different depending on the kind of DLC, which were in turn related to the deposition method and DLC structure. Using optical properties, such as the refractive index and the extinction coefficient, we can distinguish the type of DLC film.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.7.187

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Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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DOI： 10.1088/1742-6596/441/1/012036

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2013A.0.171.0

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2013A.0.575.0

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DOI： 10.1016/j.tsf.2012.10.002

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Publisher：コロナ社  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

A surface acoustic wave (SAW) linear motor is a kind of ultrasonic motors. The advantages of the SAW linear motor are thin structure, large output force, high speed, precise positioning and so on. On the other hand, the motor has a problem with wear of contact surface. The SAW linear motor consists of a LiNO₃ substrate as a stator transducer and a silicon substrate with distributed projections as a slider. The stator transducer material, however, is easily worn due to friction drive. Moreover the silicon projections may enhance the wearing. Lifetime of the motor is reduced by the wear of the stator. To solve this problem, previously, segment-structured diamond-like carbon (S-DLC) films have been applied to the stator transducer surface. Enough driving performance has not been observed yet by the stator with the S-DLC films. The reason of this problem was edge shape of segments of the S-DLC films. In this report, we propose a new preparation method to fabricate the S-DLC films with round edge. Trial fabrication of the structure, abrasion test for the driving surface and driving characteristic with the stator are also reported.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.78.695

CiNii Books

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/10007947369?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Technology of Plasticity  

DOI： 10.9773/sosei.53.611

CiNii Books

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/10013899430?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2012.01.027

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2012A.0.311.0

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

DOI： 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.523-524.1025

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DOI： 10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.523-524.793

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2012A.0.341.0

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2012A.0.317.0

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 精密工学会  

ダイヤモンドライクカーボン(DLC)膜はピンホールや空孔など様々なマイクロサイズの欠陥を含んでおり，それが膜の性能低下を引き起こす．本論文ではDLC膜に白色光を照射し，欠陥部分で散乱した光を暗視野顕微鏡で観察することで欠陥を検出する方法を考案した．さらに，DLC膜は光透過率に波長依存性があり，この性質を利用することにより検出された欠陥をDLC膜表面と内部に分離することを試みる．

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2012A.0.315.0

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

DOI： 10.1117/12.926053

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Language：English   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Segment-structured diamond-like carbon (S-DLC) film, which is separated DLC films into small segments using metal mask, has been developed in order to improve its tribological property or accomplish multi-functionalized surface. Meanwhile, the S-DLC deposition by conventional methods using metal mesh as masks is difficult to apply to the three-dimensional substrates which have complicate curves. The purpose of this study is to develop coating methods for S-DLC deposition on the three-dimensional substrates like an aspect of the cylinder and a ball surface. In this study, we report the coating method using a robot employing six degrees of freedom (MOTOMAN-MH6: Yaskawa electric corporation) and a micro ink jet system (IJHB-1000 and IJHB-30: Microjet corporation). By adjusting the parameters applied to the piezoelectric element, the ink droplet was stable discharged. Then, small grid patterns were drawn on the plate. The substrate temperature is also controlled in order to make the drawn line thinner, because the resin ink is thermosetting material. Then, the DLC film was deposited onto the ink drawn substrate by a micro-pulse plasma CVD method using acetylene gas for 40 minutes. After the liftoff and the Raman spectroscopy measurement, we found that the resin ink could play a role as a mask material. Finally, grid patterns were successfully drawn on the aspect of the cylinder and a ball surface. In conclusion, it could be thought that this masking method could be used to various shape by complicating the robot programming in the future.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.5.891

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Language：English   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Clinching is an attractive joining method as one of alternatives meeting the recent significant demand for joining low-weldability materials and dissimilar materials. Because it has many advantages in terms of productivity, cost, recyclability, and no requirements for specific surface conditions of materials. However, application of clinching is restricted by its low joint-strength and the difficulty to join low-ductile materials. Hence, to overcome this problem, we developed a novel clinching process in which ultrasonic vibrations were applied perpendicularly to the materials by the clinching tools. In this paper, the effects of ultrasonic assists on clinching for aluminum sheets in two types of vibration modes were investigated. In one mode, work pieces were located on the maximum-displacement-amplitude position, and in the other mode, materials were located on the maximum-stress-amplitude position. As the results, the application of ultrasonic vibrations in the maximum-displacement-amplitude mode showed no prospective results. Because the applicable vibration amplitudes were restricted by generation of cracks due to the high-cycle bending load. On the other hand, the application of ultrasonic vibrations in the maximum-stress-amplitude mode showed unique vortical flows in the applied material. These vortical flows led to a stirring phenomenon in the material, and the aluminum sheets were unified. Due to the unification by the stirring phenomenon, the cross-tensile strength was increased up to 60 % and the joining pressure was reduced up to 80 %. And a grain refinement effect was also observed. Finally we discussed about the potentials of the stirring phenomenon for joining dissimilar materials and a new grain-size refinement method.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.5.810

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Language：English   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have many excellent characteristics such as low friction coefficient, wear resistance, gas barrier property and biocompatibility. These many positive characteristics enable DLC coatings to be applied to a lot of fields from metallic materials to polymer materials for overcoatings. However, usual DLC film has a lot of micro-pores or pinholes, and those defects become problems as DLC film is not able to make the best use of abrasion resistance effectively due to the substrate corrosion. In addition, the DLC films deposited directly on the steel substrates often encountered the problem of poor adhesion. It has been attempted to overcome the negative effect by means of multilayer structure using metal and ceramic layers. In this study, we aim to deposit DLC films satisfied with both antiwear and anticorrosion characteristics. This time, we attempted to improve those properties by enhancing adhesion strength between DLC film and substrate. Interlayers used were a Si modified DLC (Si-C:H) interlayer deposited by using Si(CH₃)₄ gas and a Cr interlayer deposited with magnetron sputtering method. These interlayered DLC films were deposited on austenite stainless steel substrates. DLC films with Si-C:H and/or Cr interlayer were deposited by a pulse plasma CVD method using C₂H₂ gas. Three kinds of coatings: (1) substrate/Si-C:H/DLC, (2) substrate/Cr/DLC and (3) substrate/Cr/Si-C:H/DLC had been done. As fundamental tests, Raman spectroscopy, nano indentation, X-ray reflectometer analysis and rutherford back scattering spectrometry/elastic recoil detection analysis were carried out to reveal both mechanical and anticorrosion characteristics. Then, ball-on-disk tests and electrochemical measurements also had been running. These results lead us to conclusion that the effects of the DLC coating had been confirmed and an optimal structure to improve both tribological property and anticorrosion property was substrate/Si-C:H/DLC. Moreover, in the case of emphasizing tribological property, substrate/Cr/Si-C:H/DLC structure was recommended.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.5.938

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.03.106

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Technology of Plasticity  

In this study, high-tensile steel plates are pierced with a press working (PW) punch and a right-angle (RA) punch in incremental steps. The difference between the hole surfaces formed by these punches is observed to explain why the roughness of fracture surfaces of pierced holes varies with the type of punch used, despite the fact that punches do not come in contact with the fracture surfaces directly. The main results are as follows: (1) For the RA punch, a crack emanating from the corner of the punch and one emanating from the corner of the die meet each other. (2) The fracture surfaces of holes pierced with the RA punch show maximum roughness at the center, or at the junction of the two cracks. (3) The PW punch absorbs the stress at its corner, so cracks do not emanate from the punch side.

DOI： 10.9773/sosei.52.1198

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00382769809?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 精密工学会  

弾性表面波リニアモータは薄型・高出力などの特長を持った超音波モータである。摩擦駆動という原理の性質上、摩擦駆動面において摩耗が問題となる。これまでに摩耗の改善のために耐摩耗材料であるセグメント構造DLC膜が導入されてきた。しかし、DLC膜のセグメントの形状が問題となり、駆動特性が低下した。そこで、本報では駆動特性を向上させるために新たなセグメント構造DLC膜の成膜方法を提案した。

DOI： 10.11522/pscjspe.2011A.0.571.0

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Language：Japanese  

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Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) linear motor is a kind of ultrasonic motors. The advantages of the SAW linear motor are thin structure, high force, high speed and precise positioning. On the other hand, the motor has a problem with wear of contact surface. The SAW linear motor consists of a LiNbO₃ substrate as a stator transducer and a silicon substrate with distributed projections as a slider. However, the stator transducer material is easy to wear out due to friction drive. Moreover the silicon projections may enhance the wearing. Lifetime of the motor is reduced by the wear of the stator. To solve this problem, previously, segment-structured diamond-like carbon (S-DLC) films have been applied to the stator transducer surface. However, reduction of driving performance with S-DLC films stator was observed. Nonuniform shapes and heights of the segments are considered as the reason. Additionally, exfoliations of the S-DLC films were observed. The reason of this problem was that interlayer between the S-DLC films and LiNbO₃ substrate was not optimized. In this report, we propose a new S-DLC transducer. This paper presents the new method, fabrication of the stator transducer and abrasion test result. Driving characteristic with the stator is also reported.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.76.786

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00361264240?from=CiNii

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

DOI： 10.1109/AIM.2010.5695937

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

DLC (Diamond-like carbon) film shows low friction coefficient against various materials and has high wear-resistance. However, usual DLC film has micro-pores or pinholes, and those defects become problems that DLC film is not able to make the best use of abrasion resistance effectively due to the corrosion of the substrate. In this study, we aim to deposit DLC films satisfied with both antiwear and anticorrosion characteristics. This time, we focused on the interlayer. We use Si modified DLC (Si-DLC) interlayer deposited by using Si(CH_3)_4 gas and Cr interlayer. As a fundamental test, the adhesion strength between DLC film and a steel substrate was investigated by a scratch test. Then, with measuring the pitting potential as well as the tribological properties, the effects of the DLC coating had been confirmed. A ball-on-disk (BoD) test and an electrochemical measurement lead us to conclusion that an optimal structure to improve both tribological property and anticorrosion property was substrate/Cr/Si-C:H/DLC.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2010.1.0_301

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

DOI： 10.1117/12.857965

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.49.075501

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2008.10.033

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Wear and fretting fatigue are important technological problems in automotive, railway and aerospace fields. The purpose of this study is to find a method of reducing the wear of cast-iron (FCD)/aluminum components, which are often applied to automotives, and thus extend their lifetime. First, a stainless-steel (SUS) shim was designed, which can be inserted between an FCD plate and an aluminum plate. Second, diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings were applied to the shim inserts to prevent the FCD and aluminum plates from wear. Then, the tribological and fatigue characteristics of the shim were evaluated by a ball-on-disk (BoD) test and a bending fatigue test of up to 1×10⁶ cycles. Each substrate was coated with DLC by Plasma-Based Ion Implantation and Deposition (PBII&D). A unique feature of our shim is that a segment-structured DLC film (S-DLC) is employed as well as a continuous DLC (C-DLC) film. The effect of the DLC coating on reducing the damage to the Al plate was apparent, because the surface roughness of the Al plate abraded with the DLC-coated shim was significantly smaller than that abraded directly with the FCD plate. Moreover, the average damage fraction to the C-DLC coating is approximately 20-fold larger than that to the S-DLC coating. The C-DLC film suffers severe damage near the bolt hole, whereas the S-DLC film suffered almost no damage even after 1×10⁶ bending cycles. In conclusion, an S-DLC-coated SUS shim has a marked effect on reducing the wear of Al/FCD components and improving their lifetime.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.3.841

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Language：English   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Hydrogenerated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films can improve oxygen gas barrier characteristics of plastic food containers, by coating it on the surfaces of such containers, and is intended to enhance the preservative quality. However, it has a problem that the degradation of optical transparency in the visible light range blocks the view of the inner content. In this study, we aimed to reduce the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) as well as to improve optical transparency, and fabricated a-C:H films by the pulse plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films. First, it is clarified that the gas barrier performance in the a-C:H film in the vicinity of the PET boundary surface was lower than that of bulk a-C:H film. Secondly, the OTR and optical transparency of a-C:H films deposited not only from C₂H₂ but also from Si(CH₃)₄ were investigated in detail. The a-C:H film deposited from Si(CH₃)₄ shows high transmittance of 87% for visible light with a relatively low OTR of 3.2 cc/(m²·atm·day).

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.3.691

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Language：English   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Relationship between mechanical properties of DLC film prepared by UBM method and bonding structure of carbon atoms in film has been revealed by Raman spectrum analysis. Four types of DLC films with different hydrogen content were prepared by UBM method. Increase in hydrogen content in DLC film results in deterioration of hardness. Increase of hardness seems to result in shift of G-peak position toward shorter wavelengths in Raman spectra. Increase in hydrogen content in DLC film leads to deterioration of friction coefficient, but correlation between G-peak position and friction coefficient was not as high as correlation between G-peak position and hardness. So friction coefficient has no stronger relationship with bonding structure than does hardness. In order to clear mechanism of appearance of low friction coefficient of DLC film, changes in sp² and sp³ bonding components are analyzed using AES-EELFS spectra measured before and after applying sliding friction. Decrease in amount of sp² bonding component or disordering of sp² bond has been confirmed. Content of sp² bond component in film decreases mainly through migration of graphite component to counter material, so that graphite contents in DLC film and counter material reach equilibrium. This is considered to be one of factors of appearance of low frictional coefficient.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.3.336

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Diamond-like carbon (DLC) has remarkable mechanical and tribological properties. Besides those mechanical properties, it has been clarified that DLC shows high biocompatibility in recent years. DLC coating can give high strength, abrasion resistance, and biocompatibility for surface of substrates. Hence DLC is a candidate for the coating material for medical devices such as artificial organ, joint, catheter, etc. The objective of this study is to develop safety protection films for implantable medical polymer devices utilizing segment-structured DLC (S-DLC) coatings. S-DLC and continuous-structured DLC were deposited on polyurethane and nylon sheet for balloon catheters. As a result, friction coefficient of DLC coated polyurethane sheet was approximately one-sixth of that of pristine polyurethane sheet, and S-DLC showed very low friction coefficient of μ=0.1-0.15. DLC coating can prevent polyurethane sheet from worn out. The puncture-resistance of nylon sheets increased 0.2MPa on average by DLC coatings regardless of the film structure. It was confirmed that DLC inhibits adsorption of blood coagulation factor. In conclusion, we succeed to verify that these DLC films can improve tribological property, abrasion-resistance, puncture-resistance, and anti-thrombogenicity of polymer catheters. Moreover, segment-structured DLC films exhibits high performance for protection of polymer material for polymer catheters.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.3.358

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Hydrogenerated boron nitride (BN:H) films were deposited by nanopulse plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using borane-ammonia complex as a source gas. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, glancing angle x-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy indicated that the BN films had a smooth surface and amorphous structure. Surface roughness (Ra) value of these films was under 0.5 nm. The films deposited at room temperature had high adhesion strength, as determined by scratch tests. Ball-on-disk tests were carried out to evaluate the tribological properties of the deposited films against the SUJ2 ball. The friction coefficients of BN:H films deposited at 300°C and 400°C were very high, exceeding 1.0. The specific wear rate of these BN:H films was as low and of the order of 10^-7 mm³/Nm which is close to that of DLC. Annealing tests on the deposited BN:H films were performed in order to evaluate their thermal stability. It was found that the deposited BN:H films had higher thermal stability than DLC films at 500°C in air.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.3.217

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

DOI： 10.1109/ULTSYM.2009.5441841

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Hydrogenerated boron nitride (BN:H) films were deposited by nanopulse plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using borane-ammonia complex as a source gas. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, glancing angle x-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy indicated that the BN films had a smooth surface and amorphous structure. Surface roughness (Ra) value of these films was under 0.5 nm. The films deposited at room temperature had high adhesion strength, as determined by scratch tests. Ball-on-disk tests were carried out to evaluate the tribological properties of the deposited films against the SUJ2 ball. The friction coefficients of BN:H films deposited at 300°C and 400°C were very high, exceeding 1.0. The specific wear rate of these BN:H films was as low and of the order of 10^-7 mm³/Nm which is close to that of DLC. Annealing tests on the deposited BN:H films were performed in order to evaluate their thermal stability. It was found that the deposited BN:H films had higher thermal stability than DLC films at 500°C in air.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.3.217

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Diamond-like carbon (DLC) has remarkable mechanical and tribological properties. Besides those mechanical properties, it has been clarified that DLC shows high biocompatibility in recent years. DLC coating can give high strength, abrasion resistance, and biocompatibility for surface of substrates. Hence DLC is a candidate for the coating material for medical devices such as artificial organ, joint, catheter, etc. The objective of this study is to develop safety protection films for implantable medical polymer devices utilizing segment-structured DLC (S-DLC) coatings. S-DLC and continuous-structured DLC were deposited on polyurethane and nylon sheet for balloon catheters. As a result, friction coefficient of DLC coated polyurethane sheet was approximately one-sixth of that of pristine polyurethane sheet, and S-DLC showed very low friction coefficient of μ=0.1-0.15. DLC coating can prevent polyurethane sheet from worn out. The puncture-resistance of nylon sheets increased 0.2MPa on average by DLC coatings regardless of the film structure. It was confirmed that DLC inhibits adsorption of blood coagulation factor. In conclusion, we succeed to verify that these DLC films can improve tribological property, abrasion-resistance, puncture-resistance, and anti-thrombogenicity of polymer catheters. Moreover, segment-structured DLC films exhibits high performance for protection of polymer material for polymer catheters.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.3.358

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Relationship between mechanical properties of DLC film prepared by UBM method and bonding structure of carbon atoms in film has been revealed by Raman spectrum analysis. Four types of DLC films with different hydrogen content were prepared by UBM method. Increase in hydrogen content in DLC film results in deterioration of hardness. Increase of hardness seems to result in shift of G-peak position toward shorter wavelengths in Raman spectra. Increase in hydrogen content in DLC film leads to deterioration of friction coefficient, but correlation between G-peak position and friction coefficient was not as high as correlation between G-peak position and hardness. So friction coefficient has no stronger relationship with bonding structure than does hardness. In order to clear mechanism of appearance of low friction coefficient of DLC film, changes in sp² and sp³ bonding components are analyzed using AES-EELFS spectra measured before and after applying sliding friction. Decrease in amount of sp² bonding component or disordering of sp² bond has been confirmed. Content of sp² bond component in film decreases mainly through migration of graphite component to counter material, so that graphite contents in DLC film and counter material reach equilibrium. This is considered to be one of factors of appearance of low frictional coefficient.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.3.336

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DLC (Diamond-like carbon) film shows low friction coefficient against various materials and has high wear-resistance. This time, we focused on reduction of fretting wear and evaluated the antiwear behavior of DLC film. Continuous DLC film and segment-structured DLC film were fabricated on stainless steel thin plates (shims) by Plasma Based Ion Implantation and Deposition (PBII&D) method. Then, the shims were inserted between a ductile cast iron plate and an aluminum plate and bending fatigue tests were carried out up to a million cycles. The reduction mechanisms of the fretting wear in the DLC-coated shims case were investigated by evaluating the fatigue characteristics of the shims and a finite element analysis of these bending tests.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2009.1.0_275

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Hydrogenerated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) films can improve oxygen gas barrier characteristics of plastic food containers, by coating it on the surfaces of such containers, and is intended to enhance the preservative quality. However, it has a problem that the degradation of optical transparency in the visible light range blocks the view of the inner content. In this study, we aimed to reduce the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) as well as to improve optical transparency, and fabricated a-C:H films by the pulse plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films. First, it is clarified that the gas barrier performance in the a-C:H film in the vicinity of the PET boundary surface was lower than that of bulk a-C:H film. Secondly, the OTR and optical transparency of a-C:H films deposited not only from C₂H₂ but also from Si(CH₃)₄ were investigated in detail. The a-C:H film deposited from Si(CH₃)₄ shows high transmittance of 87% for visible light with a relatively low OTR of 3.2 cc/(m²·atm·day).

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.3.691

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Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have low friction coefficient against variety of materials and high wear resistance; however, DLCs are often damaged when the DLC film is distorted with deformation of the substrate. Segment-structured DLC (S-DLC) coating has been developed to improve these weak points of DLC films. The S-DLC coating is a technique to separate the DLC film into the small segments. The purpose of this study is to fabricate S-DLC film on stainless steel substrate and functionalize DLC films on the substrate based on S-DLC film. In this study, fluorocarbon polymer embedded segment-structured DLC (FC-S-DLC) film was fabricated by spraying fluorocarbon polymer into the grooves between the DLC segments. The DLC films were deposited by a RF plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Evaluations of tribological properties of these high-functional DLC films were performed under plane contact condition by pin-on-disk (PoD) test. As a result, the S-DLC film exhibited better tribological properties than that of continuous DLC film. Furthermore, the FC-S-DLC coating exhibited the most excellent tribological property among all samples and gave high wear resistance and steady friction coefficient to stainless steel substrates at a plane contact pressure of 0.16∼0.24MPa.

DOI： 10.1299/jmmp.3.831

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2007.10.030

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2007.10.030

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.47.1694

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.47.1694

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DOI： 10.1143/APEX.1.035002

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DOI： 10.1143/APEX.1.035002

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Surface acoustic wave (SAW) linear motor is a kind of ultrasonic motors. The advantages of the SAW linear motor is thin structure, high force, high speed and precise positioning. On the other hand, the motor has a problem with wear of contact surface. The SAW linear motor consist of a LiNbO_3 as a stator transducer and a silicon substrate with distributed projections as a slider. However, the stator transducer material is easy to wear out due to friction drive. Moreover the silicon projections enhanced wearing. Lifetime of the motor is reduced by the wear of the stator. To solve this problem, the silicon substrate with segment structured diamond-like carbon (S-DLC) films is applied as the slider instead of the silicon slider with projections. The films are expected to increase abrasion-resistant performance of contact surface and acquire the same driving characteristics as the conventional silicon slider. This report presents installation of the films on the slider surface and successful work of the motor. Observation of its performance is also indicated to be compared with the conventional one. The films deposition on a stator transducer is introduced. Successful driving of the motor with the stator transducer is also described.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.74.724

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DOI： 10.1002/eej.20341

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.46.3029

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.46.3029

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Technology of Plasticity  

Press forging is a method for forming bosses by extruding a thin sheet metal into small holes of a die. Bosses formed on cases made of a light sheet metal make it possible to decrease the weight of mobile devices, for example, mini-disc players and digital cameras. However, when the material is too thin, dimple defects often appear on the reverse surface of the boss, which becomes the design surface, shortly after the beginning of the forming process. In this study, we investigate the deformation properties of bosses and dimples by experimental observations and finite element analysis, and methods for preventing dimple generation are described. When a boss is formed with a diameter of 5 mm on a sheet metal with a thickness of 1.2 mm, the maximum boss height without dimple defects is improved from 0 to 2.5 mm.

DOI： 10.9773/sosei.48.293

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.74.169

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Improvement of lubricity between tool and chip or workpiece is essential for obtaining good cutting performances. In particular, the achievement of high lubricity is required in minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) cutting. MQL cuttings, however, have problems relating to low lubricity or low stability and, as a result, the introduction to practical cutting industry is limited. Then we examined intermittent cutting -face milling- experiments for aluminum alloy under flood fluid supply in order to clarify the problems. As the result, it was confirmed that the lubricity between tool and chip deteriorates as cutting probresses, namely, with longer cutting length. Then, to overcome the above problem, cutting tools with micro structured surface, that is, micro grooves were developed in the hopes that the grooves play the role as retainer of cutting fluid. A series of cutting experiments revealed that the cutting shear angle became larger and the cutting force became lower, as compared with the conventional cutting tool without micro grooves. This demonstrated that the micro grooves brought low friction to cutting tool surface. Furthermore, it was found that the newly developed cutting tool was effective for maintaining good lubricity in MQL cutting.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.73.1560

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.73.1560

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.73.1230

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Diamond-Like carbon (DLC) films have been widely recognized as a tribo-coating material because of its outstanding mechanical properties. Theses properties are varied according to their preparation method and condition. In order to apply DLC films to industrial products, an appropriate film for an environmental condition should be prepared by a proper coating method. Furthermore, requirements for films are increasing recently. For example, resistance to adhesion, chemical stability, gas impermeability and water repellency are required in addition to the tribological properties. The objective of this study is a development of a multi-functionalized DLC film using segment-structured DLC (S-DLC) films. S-DLC film is a useful coating method for soft substrate. It consists of numeral small DLC segments and has grooves between the segments, which is different from the conventional continuous DLC film. In this study, a developed S-DLC film is proposed. It has fluorocarbon polymer embedded into the groove, which can improve the water repellency and lubricating ability of S-DLC film. Its tribological properties and water repellency were estimated by ball on disk tests and the contact angle of a water droplet, respectively. The friction coefficient of 0.08 is obtained, that is lower than 0.12 of continuous DLC film. The contact angle of a water droplet can be obtained about 90 degree, which is larger than 60 degree of a continuous film. From these results, multi-functionalized DLC films could have been successfully fabricated.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.73.1230

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Diamond-Like Carbon film (DLC film) shows excellent tribological properties. However, due to its brittleness, conventional DLC coating can not be applied to a tribological coating on soft substrates. To overcome this problem, a segment-structured DLC (S-DLC) coating has been suggested. In this technique, DLC film is divided into small segments by grooves. On the other hand, requirement for tribological application of DLC film under lubricant condition. However, sufficient research efforts have not been devoted toward S-DLC under lubricant condition. In this study, lubricated S-DLC film, which composed of S-DLC with grooves filled with grease, was investigated. Tribological properties of lubricated S-DLC were evaluated for various types of grease and segment shapes. It was shown that excellent tribological properties were obtained by combination of low viscosity grease and S-DLC coating with large size segments and narrow grooves.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.74.169

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The nanopulse CVD method open the way of DLC deposition at sub-atmospheric pressure. On the other hand, plasma characteristics of nanopulse plasma have not investigated yet. In this paper, we have investigated the plasma characteristics of nanopulse plasma using the Langmuir probe method at low pressure. Using of the characteristics of high electron density created by positive pulse, we have developed the bipolar nanopulse generator consisted with Static Induction Thyristor devices. The deposition rate of this bipolar nanopulse plasma CVD method is five fold higher than that of normal unipolar pulse CVD method. The productivity of plasma assisted coating will be significantly improved by this bipolar nanopulse CVD method.

DOI： 10.1541/ieejfms.126.157

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Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are expected to be high-function fillers of polymer matrix composites. The thermal conductivity of thermoplastic resin matrix CNF composites which was fabricated by injection molding was evaluated, with particular focus on the effects of CNF content, shape of CNF, matrix resin and filler orientation. The thermal conductivity of composites increased with increasing CNF content, and was obtained as 3.4 W/mK when CNF concentration was 31 vol.% with highly oriented along measuring direction of thermal conductivity. This value is approximately sixteen fold higher than that of the neat polypropylene. The thermal conductivity change due to volume fraction of CNF was discussed using effective medium approximation method.

DOI： 10.2493/jspe.72.95

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan  

The nanopulse CVD method open the way of DLC deposition at sub-atmospheric pressure. On the other hand, plasma characteristics of nanopulse plasma have not investigated yet. In this paper, we have investigated the plasma characteristics of nanopulse plasma using the Langmuir probe method at low pressure. Using of the characteristics of high electron density created by positive pulse, we have developed the bipolar nanopulse generator consisted with Static Induction Thyristor devices. The deposition rate of this bipolar nanopulse plasma CVD method is five fold higher than that of normal unipolar pulse CVD method. The productivity of plasma assisted coating will be significantly improved by this bipolar nanopulse CVD method.

DOI： 10.1541/ieejfms.126.157

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

Deposition of Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) films at atmospheric pressure is one of promising techniques to achieve in-process coatings regardless work sizes. This research aims at synthesis of DLC films under atmospheric pressure by nanopulse Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method using unique power source system that consists of a static induction (SI) thyristor and an Inductive Energy Storage (IES). In this report, we realized synthesis of DLC films in open air (101 kPa). Deposition rate was as high as 0.4μn/min, and the hardness of the film was 20.6 GPa. From Raman spectroscopic analysis, quality of film significantly depends on input power and deposition time.

DOI： 10.2493/jspe.72.1237

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2005.09.026

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.44.L888

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Society of Polymer Science, Japan  

DOI： 10.1295/kobunshi.54.238

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.44.L1573

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DOI： 10.1541/ieejfms.125.527

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.44.L888

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DOI： 10.1541/ieejfms.125.527

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.44.L1573

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Diamond-like Carbon (DLC) films are usually deposited under low pressure, typically below 10 Pa. Atmospheric pressure deposition of DLC films is promising technique to realize in-process and in-use coating of DLC films. Here we report the development of the nanopulse plasma chemical vapor deposition method using static induction (SI) thyristor and application of the synthesis method to deposit DLC films, and show that DLC films with excellent mechanical performance can be prepared at subatmospheric pressure at 26.7 kPa (200 Torr). The characteristics of the thus-obtained DLC films show two broad peaks of the disordered band at 1360cm^<-1> and the graphitic band at 1580cm^<-1> by Raman spectroscopy and the thickness is 1.6μm with the surface roughness of 0.07 nmRa. The hardness of the DLC film as measured with nanoindentor is 20.8 GPa and elastic modulus is 170 GPa.

DOI： 10.2493/jspe.71.1548

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

Diamond-Like carbon (DLC) films have been widely recognized as a tribo-coating material because of its outstanding mechanical properties. When DLC films are distorted with the deformation of the soft substrate, it is problem that fragile DLC films are strongly damaged. In this study segment-structured DLC films were prepared on Al substrate to prevent fractures of DLC film. Deformation behavior of segment-structured DLC films was investigated by four-point bending and ball-on-disk test. In bending test, substrate strain under groove was significantly larger than average strain. It is also indicated that strain of segment-structured DLC films were decreased from the result of FEA. Tribological properties of segment-structured DLC film were superior to continuous film when the surface coverage ratio for segment structure of DLC film is larger than 70%.

DOI： 10.2493/jspe.71.1558

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.44.L888

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2004.06.036

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DOI： 10.1016/j.triboint.2004.07.011

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DOI： 10.1016/j.diamond.2004.06.036

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.43.L1406

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Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) can be considered a kind of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). This paper describes about dispersion of CNFs in the polypropyrene matrix composites and mechanical properties of specimens fabricated by injection molding. Dispersion of CNFs in the composites is quantified by the residual cluster rate and the maximum cluster size. The residual cluster rate is almost constant when the kneading time is 5min. or more, but the maximum cluster size slightly decreases with the kneading time. Young's modulus of the composites fabricated on the optimal conditions obtained from the relations between the mechanical properties and the kneading conditions was 1.4 times higher than that of neat PP when the CNF content was 10wt%.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2004.1.0_479

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are expected to be a new functional material. Moreover polymer matrix composites filled with CNT or CNF is expected as structural members like a space frame for automobile and bicycle as well as mechanical components for aerospace fields. In this study, we tried to form a pipe-shape molded CNT composite by extrusion molding set up designed for CNT composites. Extrusion molding is a low cost and continuously process. We can control an orientation of CNT with shear stress that is occurred by extruding flow and alternated rotation of inner and outer dies. In this way, we can give directionality of mechanical properties to products. Orientation of filler is observed when conventional carbon fibers are filled as a tracer.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2004.1.0_475

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Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films are metastable amorphous carbon materials with superior tribological characteristics. In order to improve wear resistance of micro-extrusion dies with numerous imperceptible holes, DLC films were deposited on the inner wall surface of model dies with holes of 2 mm, 0.9 mm in diameter and 20 mm in depth by using pulse plasma CVD method. This paper will discuss that Argon gas, deposition pressure and time how to affect the, characteristics of films deposited on the inner wall surface of dies.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2004.7.0_285

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In order to understand the dynamic behavior of polymer matrix carbon nanotube (CNT) composites, modification and the destructive action of a CNT itself and CNT which exists in resin are examined with the dynamic action observation using the nano probe TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope). In has been considered that it is quite difficult to fracture CNT by bending deformation. However, it is revealed in this test that MWCNT is fractured by strong bending. It is also found that a crack arises by repeating buckling by compression. Moreover, it is observed in this test in the composite material, that with progress of a minute crack, MWCNTs fell out from matrix polymer in the nano-tensile test.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2004.1.0_365

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DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.04.035

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DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2004.04.035

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmea.46.353

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmea.46.353

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are expected to be a new functional material. We studied fabrication of polystyrene (PS) matrix composites filled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCFs). The concentration of the fillers in the composites was varied from 0 to 50wt%. Specimens were fabricated by injection molding and friction coefficient and wear resistance of the surface of the molded specimens were measured using a ball-on-disk friction tester. In the case of VGCF/PS composites, the friction coefficient decreased with increasing the filler concentration, although the surface roughness increased with the filler concentration. Finally, the friction coefficient decreased from μ=0.45 to μ=0.2 when VGCF concentration was 50wt%. In the case of MWCNT/PS composites, the friction coefficient was almost same as that of bulk polystyrene when the MWCNT concentration was 30wt%. The specific wear rate of CNT/PS composites was also measured. The wear rate of MWCNT was 2.0×(10)^<-7> (mm)^3/N, that is eight-fold smaller than VGDCF/PS composites.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2003.6.0_159

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Aluminum space frame is one of the candidate to be applied to a structure of car bodies in future because of its light weight as well as high strength. To omit the secondary forming process in the production of aluminum space frame, variable shape extrusion apparatus which has a taper mandrel and four movable dies was developed and the characteristics of hot extrusion were investigated. As a result, it was found that the step mandrel provides good dimensional accuracy due to its bearings which is parallel to the extruding direction. But on the other hand, it was also found that pick-up was easy to occur on the surface of extrusions, by using the step-mandrel. Dies were coated with DLC around its bearings to prevent the dies from sticking of aluminum, and it was confirmed that the DLC coating has a significant effect to improve the conditions of the surface of extruded pipes.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2002.2.0_535

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Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films have been widely recognized as an excellent wear resistant coatings with a low friction coefficient against many kinds of counterparts. The tribological behavior of DLC films depend on not only the quality of the film but also the environmental conditions such as the substrate materials and the pressure applied. Particularly when the DLC films are distorted with the deformation of the soft substrate, the conventional DLC film should be damaged easily. In this study DLC films have been deposited by RF-plasma CVD from methane on the soft material substrates, such as a rubber and aluminum, and the friction and wear tests were conducted using a ball-on-flat configuration under some conditions. In the case of rubber substrate, DLC films show low friction coefficient from 0.2 to 0.3,even if large strain of ε=0.5 was applied to the substrate. A new coating method was proposed in the case of DLC coatings of Al substrate, which employs the segment structure of DLC film. It was found that the wear resistance of the Al substrate was significantly improved in comparison with the conventional DLC coatings.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecjo.2002.2.0_537

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

B-C-N films were prepared on single crystal silicon substrates by RF magnetron sputtering using a composite target of diamond and cBN powder. The target was mounted on a RF magnetron cathode, then sputtered by nitrogen and hydrogen gases. The hardness of the B-C-N film increased with increasing hydrogen flow rate, corresponding to a maximum at 10 cm^3/min, followed by a drop above 30 cm^3/min. The film was stable for a long time when it was deposited at the substrate temperature of 500℃. Auger electron spectroscopy and elastic recoil detection analysis revealed that the carbon content in the B-C-N film decreased with increasing the substrate temperature. Furthermore the B-C-N film didn't show the significant weight change under the heat treatment test at 500℃ in the air, and the hardness of the B-C-N film remained constant up to 500℃, whereas the DLC films were disappeared after the test at 500℃. These results suggest that the B-C-N film has the potential to be applied to the tribological coatings under relatively high temperature conditions.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.68.1562

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

B-C-N films were prepared on single crystal silicon substrates by RF magnetron sputtering using a composite target of diamond and cBN powder. The target was mounted on a RF magnetron cathode, then sputtered by nitrogen and hydrogen gases. The hardness of the B-C-N film increased with increasing hydrogen flow rate, corresponding to a maximum at 10 cm^3/min, followed by a drop above 30 cm^3/min. The film was stable for a long time when it was deposited at the substrate temperature of 500℃. Auger electron spectroscopy and elastic recoil detection analysis revealed that the carbon content in the B-C-N film decreased with increasing the substrate temperature. Furthermore the B-C-N film didn't show the significant weight change under the heat treatment test at 500℃ in the air, and the hardness of the B-C-N film remained constant up to 500℃, whereas the DLC films were disappeared after the test at 500℃. These results suggest that the B-C-N film has the potential to be applied to the tribological coatings under relatively high temperature conditions.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.68.1562

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.67.1189

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In injection molding of an optical disk, mis-transcription of pits sometimes occurs, especially when pit density is low and smooth surface part is dominant. Deformation of a mold and injection molding machine may possibly make influence on transcription property in such situation. In this paper, direct measurement of mold cavity gap has been carried out, together with microscopic observation of transcription state, and the relationship between them was discussed. Finally, the following conclusions were obtained. (1) Low stiffness of mold closing system is suitable for precise transcription of a fine pattern, because cavity pressure decrease in cooling state is retarded. (2) Mold closing force should be applied to the mold itself, settled on the fixed platen, both in usual injection and injection compression molding, for preventing detachment of the mold from the platen due to nozzle contacting force.

DOI： 10.4325/seikeikakou.13.693

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.67.1640

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.67.1189

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.67.1633

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.67.1640

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Polymer Processing  

In injection molding of an optical disk, mis-transcription of pits sometimes occurs, especially when pit density is low and smooth surface part is dominant. Deformation of a mold and injection molding machine may possibly make influence on transcription property in such situation. In this paper, direct measurement of mold cavity gap has been carried out, together with microscopic observation of transcription state, and the relationship between them was discussed. Finally, the following conclusions were obtained. (1) Low stiffness of mold closing system is suitable for precise transcription of a fine pattern, because cavity pressure decrease in cooling state is retarded. (2) Mold closing force should be applied to the mold itself, settled on the fixed platen, both in usual injection and injection compression molding, for preventing detachment of the mold from the platen due to nozzle contacting force.

DOI： 10.4325/seikeikakou.13.693

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.67.547

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.67.547

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.67.1633

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.66.4072

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.66.4072

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In the injection molding of an optical disk, a precise minute pit pattern is transcribed from a nickel sheet stamper in 0.3mm thickness. Various defects or mis-transcriptions are sometimes generated, but the causes of these defects have not yet been completely clarified. Thus ideal molding conditions and optimum mold designs can not be precisely determined.<br>In this paper, the injection molding of an optical disk for a sample-servo-type application is performed by using an injection-compression molding system and the generation mechanism of transcription defects was studied. The following conclusions were obtained.: (1) Mis-transcriptions are classified into three types; multiple transcription errors, scratches in radial directions and scratches in other direction. Their occurrence is affected by the compression pressure holding time and mold temperature. (2) In the case of rather low mold temperatures, multiple transcription errors occur when the compression time is short, but scratches occur when the compression holding time is long. (3) A relative displacement of the polymer molding from the stamper cccurs when a cooling time is longer than 10s, which results in multiple transcription error.

DOI： 10.4325/seikeikakou.12.362

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J-GLOBAL

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00066871835?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Polymer Processing  

In the injection molding of an optical disk, a precise minute pit pattern is transcribed from a nickel sheet stamper in 0.3mm thickness. Various defects or mis-transcriptions are sometimes generated, but the causes of these defects have not yet been completely clarified. Thus ideal molding conditions and optimum mold designs can not be precisely determined.<br>In this paper, the injection molding of an optical disk for a sample-servo-type application is performed by using an injection-compression molding system and the generation mechanism of transcription defects was studied. The following conclusions were obtained.: (1) Mis-transcriptions are classified into three types; multiple transcription errors, scratches in radial directions and scratches in other direction. Their occurrence is affected by the compression pressure holding time and mold temperature. (2) In the case of rather low mold temperatures, multiple transcription errors occur when the compression time is short, but scratches occur when the compression holding time is long. (3) A relative displacement of the polymer molding from the stamper cccurs when a cooling time is longer than 10s, which results in multiple transcription error.

DOI： 10.4325/seikeikakou.12.362

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Transparent conducting thin fillns made of Indium oxide (In_2O_3) have been prepared by a mechanical process conposed of rolling' and oxidizing stages without vacuum procesSeS. The In ingot was rolled to approximately 5μm in thich first, and then the In sheet was pretreated by corona discharge in the air. Finally, the sheet was annealed in a furnace in the temperature range from 300℃ to 700℃. The corona discharge pretreatment was found to have an important role to oxidize the In sheets due to the introduction of the oxygen species through micro pits formed by electron and ion bombardments. The transmission coefficient of the In_2O_3 film prepared by this process was 40%, when the corona discharge time was 3 h and heat treatment temperature was 700℃. The resistivity of this ITO film was 8.0 × l0 ^<-5>Ω・m according to the conventional four-probe measurement.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.65.2050

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.4325/seikeikakou.11.847

CiNii Books

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

DOI： 10.1299/jsmec.42.1061

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DOI： 10.4325/seikeikakou.11.454

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DOI： 10.1299/jsmec.42.1061

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DOI： 10.4325/seikeikakou.11.847

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Transparent conducting thin fillns made of Indium oxide (In_2O_3) have been prepared by a mechanical process conposed of rolling' and oxidizing stages without vacuum procesSeS. The In ingot was rolled to approximately 5μm in thich first, and then the In sheet was pretreated by corona discharge in the air. Finally, the sheet was annealed in a furnace in the temperature range from 300℃ to 700℃. The corona discharge pretreatment was found to have an important role to oxidize the In sheets due to the introduction of the oxygen species through micro pits formed by electron and ion bombardments. The transmission coefficient of the In_2O_3 film prepared by this process was 40%, when the corona discharge time was 3 h and heat treatment temperature was 700℃. The resistivity of this ITO film was 8.0 × l0 ^<-5>Ω・m according to the conventional four-probe measurement.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.65.2050

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DOI： 10.4325/seikeikakou.11.462

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DOI： 10.4325/seikeikakou.11.462

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DOI： 10.4325/seikeikakou.11.454

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.37.6128

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.64.4045

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The fiber volume fraction and fiber orientation play an important role in both the rheological analysis of molten polymer and mechanical properties of a finished part in injection molding. Many works have been devoted to the motion of a fiber, rheology of suspension and fiber-fiber interaction for dilute and semi-dilute systems, but less for concentrated suspension, and also, less works to the interaction between fiber and die surface. In this paper, equations are derived to describe the motion of fibers for concentrated suspension basing on the equilibrium of force and torque acted on each fiber in a simple shear flow, where fiber-die surface interaction is numerically analyzed, and fiber-fiber interaction is considered by modifying Tuckers' model. It is found that fiber volume fraction near die surface decreases and fiber orientation distribution along the flow direction is obtained. It results in decrease of viscosity and increase of velocity gradient near die surface.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.64.1848

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

In injection molding of short fiber-polymer melt mixture, fiber-fiber interaction becomes large when fiber volume fraction increases. It leads to significant effect on the velocity field of the mixture and fiber orientation distribution. Fiber-mold wall interaction also has an effect on the mixture flow property, especially when fiber length is of the same order as the mold cavity thickness. In this paper, an isothermal flow of mixture through a slit channel and fiber orientation distribution in that flow are analyzed numerically in consideration with fiber-fiber interaction and fiber-mold wall interaction, and the following results are obtained: (1) In rather short distance from entrance of slit channel, fibers are rearranged rapidly and the flow becomes approximately steady after that. (2) When fiber volume fraction increases, the mixture flow tends to become plug-like one and pressure loss increases. (3) A layer of low fibers volume fraction is generated along mold wall due to fiber-mold wall interaction and, consequently, the pressure loss decreases. (4) Fluid velocity profile across cavity section in this paper is found to be approximately coincident with that obtained by using Shaqfeh's viscosity model.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.64.4045

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

The fiber volume fraction and fiber orientation play an important role in both the rheological analysis of molten polymer and mechanical properties of a finished part in injection molding. Many works have been devoted to the motion of a fiber, rheology of suspension and fiber-fiber interaction for dilute and semi-dilute systems, but less for concentrated suspension, and also, less works to the interaction between fiber and die surface. In this paper, equations are derived to describe the motion of fibers for concentrated suspension basing on the equilibrium of force and torque acted on each fiber in a simple shear flow, where fiber-die surface interaction is numerically analyzed, and fiber-fiber interaction is considered by modifying Tuckers' model. It is found that fiber volume fraction near die surface decreases and fiber orientation distribution along the flow direction is obtained. It results in decrease of viscosity and increase of velocity gradient near die surface.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.64.1848

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.36.7162

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DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.36.7162

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DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.62.4400

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Selective growth of aluminum nitride (AIN) has been performed by the Ar ion laser-enhanced reactive vapor deposition method. Si (100) is used as a substrate, and is selectively heated with laser direction. Simultaneously, 99.999% aluminum (AI) is evaporated from a hexagonal boron nitride crucible in a NH_3 atmosphere. The Al reacts with NH_3 on the substrate surface which is heated to more than 450℃ by laser scanning, then AlN is formed on the laser-scanned portion. Not only scanning speed but scanning length are required to be appropriate values so that the average thickness of the Al layer deposited during an interval of laser direction is less than 0.2nm. The conditions for selective growth are found to be a scanning speed of 40mm/s, a scanning length of 8.0mm, and a deposition rate of 1.0nm/s. The use of a single-wavelength and single-mode (TEM_<00>) laser beam is found to be effective for depositing a sharp selective growth pattern of AlN.

DOI： 10.1299/kikaic.62.4400

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This paper describes the application of CVD diamond powder, that is produced from the roll milling of diamond films synthesized by the arc discharge plasma jet CVD method, to the grinding of steel materials. CBN powder instead of diamond powder is generally used for grinding steel materials. The reason is that at high temperatures at the grinding point the wear of the cutting point of diamond powder occurs by heat chemical reactions. But CVD diamond powder has a remarkable characteristic in which new cutting edges are easily produced during its grinding process because CVD diamond powder has grain boundaries and defects in the crystal. Metal bonded and resinoid bonded grinding wheels are prepared using CVD diamond powder. In case of the grinding of SKD11 the powder wears a lot, and the grinding power is very unstable. In case of the grinding of FC20 with a resinoid bonded wheel, the powder fractures in a limited amount, and the grinding power is stable. Therefore, the CVD diamond powder can be used for grinding steel materials like FC20.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.59.479

CiNii Books

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00019858043?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

This paper describes the application of CVD diamond powder, that is produced from the roll milling of diamond films synthesized by the arc discharge plasma jet CVD method, to the grinding of steel materials. CBN powder instead of diamond powder is generally used for grinding steel materials. The reason is that at high temperatures at the grinding point the wear of the cutting point of diamond powder occurs by heat chemical reactions. But CVD diamond powder has a remarkable characteristic in which new cutting edges are easily produced during its grinding process because CVD diamond powder has grain boundaries and defects in the crystal. Metal bonded and resinoid bonded grinding wheels are prepared using CVD diamond powder. In case of the grinding of SKD11 the powder wears a lot, and the grinding power is very unstable. In case of the grinding of FC20 with a resinoid bonded wheel, the powder fractures in a limited amount, and the grinding power is stable. Therefore, the CVD diamond powder can be used for grinding steel materials like FC20.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.59.479

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/0040-6090(92)90507-8

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DOI： 10.1016/0040-6090(92)90507-8

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DOI： 10.1016/0040-6090(92)90507-8

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DOI： 10.1080/01418619208201542

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DOI： 10.1080/01418619208201542

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This report describes the evaluation of CVD diamond powder produced from roll milling diamond films synthesized by the arc discharge plasma jet CVD as the grinding wheel. The metal bonded and the resinoid bonded grinding wheels are prepared using the CVD diamond powder. In case of the grinding of ZrO_2 with metal bonded wheel, the new cutting edge emerges moderately, and the grinding power is constant; however, in case of the grinding of Si_3N_4 with metal bonded wheel, the powder wear a lot, and the grinding power increases and decreases suddenly. In the grinding of Si_3 N_4 with the resinoid bonded wheel, the powder pull out moderately, and the stable grinding power is given. The fracture in limited amounts occurs from the powder boundaries and the defects in crystal, and the fracture rate of CVD diamond is larger than that of the irregular diamond. The CVD diamond powder have remarkable characteristic that new cutting edges are easily produced in its grinding process. The CVD diamond powder can be expected for the candidate for ceramic materials processing.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.58.277

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.31.355

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DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.58.1880

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

As for application of a diamond film for a cutting tool, diamond coating cutting tool has been proposed ; however the coating cutting tool has the significant problem that the bonding force between the diamond film and the substrate is not sufficient and the diamond film peels off in the cutting. In this paper, the fabrication and the performance of a cutting tool using a thin diamond plate obtained by arc discharge plasma jet CVD has been described. Since the surface of the diamond plate prepared by the method is very rough with many grow-up crystals, the surface was planed and the cutting edge was shaped by YAG laser. Then a cutting tool was fabricated by brazing the diamond plate with tungsten carbide chip and evaluated in cutting Al-12%Si alloy. It is found that the chipping occurs at the gaps introduced at the grain boundaries which exist on the cutting edge according to the increase of cutting distance, but in the serial part of the crystal, any chipping, is not observed and good wear resistance is proved. This shows that the cutting tool with good crystallinity without gaps is able to apply to the cutting for Al-12%Si alloy.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.58.797

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00015211125?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

As for application of a diamond film for a cutting tool, diamond coating cutting tool has been proposed ; however the coating cutting tool has the significant problem that the bonding force between the diamond film and the substrate is not sufficient and the diamond film peels off in the cutting. In this paper, the fabrication and the performance of a cutting tool using a thin diamond plate obtained by arc discharge plasma jet CVD has been described. Since the surface of the diamond plate prepared by the method is very rough with many grow-up crystals, the surface was planed and the cutting edge was shaped by YAG laser. Then a cutting tool was fabricated by brazing the diamond plate with tungsten carbide chip and evaluated in cutting Al-12%Si alloy. It is found that the chipping occurs at the gaps introduced at the grain boundaries which exist on the cutting edge according to the increase of cutting distance, but in the serial part of the crystal, any chipping, is not observed and good wear resistance is proved. This shows that the cutting tool with good crystallinity without gaps is able to apply to the cutting for Al-12%Si alloy.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.58.797

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00015211125?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

This report describes the evaluation of CVD diamond powder produced from roll milling diamond films synthesized by the arc discharge plasma jet CVD as the grinding wheel. The metal bonded and the resinoid bonded grinding wheels are prepared using the CVD diamond powder. In case of the grinding of ZrO_2 with metal bonded wheel, the new cutting edge emerges moderately, and the grinding power is constant; however, in case of the grinding of Si_3N_4 with metal bonded wheel, the powder wear a lot, and the grinding power increases and decreases suddenly. In the grinding of Si_3 N_4 with the resinoid bonded wheel, the powder pull out moderately, and the stable grinding power is given. The fracture in limited amounts occurs from the powder boundaries and the defects in crystal, and the fracture rate of CVD diamond is larger than that of the irregular diamond. The CVD diamond powder have remarkable characteristic that new cutting edges are easily produced in its grinding process. The CVD diamond powder can be expected for the candidate for ceramic materials processing.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.58.277

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DOI： 10.1016/B978-0-444-89162-4.50069-5

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In this paper, preparation of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond grains by roll milling diamond films synthesized by arc discharge plasma jet CVD is described. In this roll milling process, a diamond film is put between metal plates, these are inserted in a thin plastic film case, a diamond film is milled by rolls together with the metal plates. By means of this roll milling technique, it is possible to control sizes of grains produced. Diamond abrasives of #140/170 are often used for grinding wheels. For the purpose of producing the most #140/170 grains from a diamond film, a suitable hardness of metal plates and final distance between metal plates were investigated, and found that a final distance between metal plates which is 1/8-1/15 of a thickness of a diamond film by using stainless steel (SUS304) plates is suitable milling condition. The friability of CVD diamond grains produced by roll milling is intermediate between that of natural diamond grains and commercial synthetic irregular diamond grains. The crystallinity of the diamond grains measure well in terms of X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.57.687

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00008777966?from=CiNii

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

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In this paper, preparation of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond grains by roll milling diamond films synthesized by arc discharge plasma jet CVD is described. In this roll milling process, a diamond film is put between metal plates, these are inserted in a thin plastic film case, a diamond film is milled by rolls together with the metal plates. By means of this roll milling technique, it is possible to control sizes of grains produced. Diamond abrasives of #140/170 are often used for grinding wheels. For the purpose of producing the most #140/170 grains from a diamond film, a suitable hardness of metal plates and final distance between metal plates were investigated, and found that a final distance between metal plates which is 1/8-1/15 of a thickness of a diamond film by using stainless steel (SUS304) plates is suitable milling condition. The friability of CVD diamond grains produced by roll milling is intermediate between that of natural diamond grains and commercial synthetic irregular diamond grains. The crystallinity of the diamond grains measure well in terms of X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.57.687

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Diamond and amorphous carbon mixed deposits are synthesized on molybdenum substrates from methane and hydrogen gases by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method at the methane concentration of 3%. The deposition process and the structure of the mixture deposits are investigated by SEM, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, and it was found that the pyramidal-figure diamonds and amorphous carbon mixed particles are deposited at the first stage, then the diamond becomes a dominant factor, and the deposits grow to be (1OO) preferred diamonds. A lapping tool is prepared by using the diamond and amorphous carbon mixed fine grains which are deposited on molybdenum substrates. The lapping experiment of sintered alumina is conducted by this lapping tool. The sintered alumina surface is finished to 0.6 μm Rmax by 30 s lapping. The finishing rate of the alumina is about 1 μm/s. These results suggest that the gas-phase synthesized diamond can be used for the ceramic materials lapping tool.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.56.343

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DOI： 10.1149/1.2086540

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society for Precision Engineering  

Diamond and amorphous carbon mixed deposits are synthesized on molybdenum substrates from methane and hydrogen gases by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method at the methane concentration of 3%. The deposition process and the structure of the mixture deposits are investigated by SEM, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, and it was found that the pyramidal-figure diamonds and amorphous carbon mixed particles are deposited at the first stage, then the diamond becomes a dominant factor, and the deposits grow to be (1OO) preferred diamonds. A lapping tool is prepared by using the diamond and amorphous carbon mixed fine grains which are deposited on molybdenum substrates. The lapping experiment of sintered alumina is conducted by this lapping tool. The sintered alumina surface is finished to 0.6 μm Rmax by 30 s lapping. The finishing rate of the alumina is about 1 μm/s. These results suggest that the gas-phase synthesized diamond can be used for the ceramic materials lapping tool.

DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.56.343

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DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.55.1645

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DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.55.2163

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DOI： 10.2493/jjspe.55.2163

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J-GLOBAL

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J-GLOBAL

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J-GLOBAL

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J-GLOBAL

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J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

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J-GLOBAL

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J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

Amorphous carbon (α-C:H) films have high chemical resistance. To determine etching rates on such film, the detection of nanometer thickness change is required. In this study, etching rate on α-C:H films by nitric acid was evaluated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) device with a multilayer structure consisting of an α-C:H layer on metal. A flow cell was used to introduce the nitric acid onto the α-C:H top layer of the multilayer structure. Nitric acid solutions were injected into the flow cell. The SPR angles were determined as the angle with minimum reflectivity. SPR angle decreased as the time elapses. From the behavior of the SPR angle, the α-C:H film surface was etched by nitric acid. An etching rate of 0.75 nm/h was obtained in the case of using 0.3 mol/l nitric acid. This result indicates that the evaluation using the SPR device with a multilayer structure can be used to detect the extremely slow etching in a liquid.

CiNii Books

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J-GLOBAL

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

CiNii Books

researchmap

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

CiNii Books

researchmap

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

CiNii Books

researchmap

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

CiNii Books

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：強化プラスチック協会  

CiNii Books

researchmap

Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

researchmap

Language：Japanese  

CiNii Books

researchmap

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers  

CiNii Books

researchmap

Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers