記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 経営情報学会  

「ウェルビーイング工学」プロジェクトでは、職場の幸福度と生産性を向上させることを目的として、組織成員のウェルビーイングについての、一連の研究・実験・分析を進めている。本プロジェクトが用いている経験抽出法では、「今日1日を振り返ってよかったと感じたこと」という行動調査票に書き込まれた幸福経験が、単独で経験したものか、それとも他者との関係性に関連するものかであるかを判別可能である。本発表では、他者との関係性に関連する幸福経験の増加がウェルビーイング度の増加と正の相関を持つという仮説をおいて、他者との関係性に関連する幸福経験を増加させるための方策を考察する。

DOI： 10.11497/jasmin.201906.0_157

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掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

In the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution, how can one improve workplace well-being? Although there is growing interest in subjective well-being for professional and private life, measurement methods still lean toward psychological well-being. The present study reevaluates the conventional methods of well-being measurements and develops a “List of Heartwarming Events” as a simple alternative method. The modified grounded theory approach (M-GTA) further complements the limitation of quantitative analysis. The new method proposed in this study effectively analyses the level of well-being with relatively less efforts by the subjects, especially in the social context. The potential of the new tool for social well-being research and management is discussed.

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その他リンク： https://dblp.uni-trier.de/rec/conf/pacis/2019

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 経営情報学会  

「ウェルビーイング工学」プロジェクトでは、職場の幸福度と生産性を向上させることを目的として、組織成員のウェルビーイングについての、一連の研究・実験・分析を進めている。行動調査票に書き込まれた幸福経験が、単独で経験したものか、それとも他者との関係性に関連するものかを判別し、その割合によって被験者を自己志向型と関係志向型に分類した。<br>本発表では、この両者を比較した分析の結果を示し、感謝がウェルビーイング度に与える影響が、幸福の志向によってどう異なるかを考察する。

DOI： 10.11497/jasmin.2018t10.0_13

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 経営情報学会  

「ウェルビーイング工学」プロジェクトでは、職場の幸福度と生産性を向上させることを目的として、組織成員のウェルビーイングについての、一連の研究・実験・分析を進めている。本プロジェクトは、ウェルビーイング度の測定方法として、個人が行動調査票に書き込んだ「今日1日を振り返ってよかったと感じたこと」の合計数をカウントする経験抽出法を採用している。また、コミュニティー内での感謝行動を測定するために、複写式付箋紙の「感謝カード」を開発している。本発表では、行動調査票を分析して分かった被験者の幸福特性と感謝カード発行との関係について考察する。

DOI： 10.11497/jasmin.2018t10.0_21

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 経営情報学会  

「ウェルビーイング工学」プロジェクトでは、職場の幸福度と生産性を向上させることを目的として、組織成員のウェルビーイングについての、一連の研究・実験・分析を進めている。本プロジェクトは、ウェルビーイング度の測定方法として、個人が行動調査票に書き込んだ「今日1日を振り返ってよかったと感じたこと」の合計数をカウントする経験抽出法を採用している。また、コミュニティー内での感謝行動を測定するために、複写式付箋紙の「感謝カード」を開発している。本発表では、行動調査票と感謝カードを用いて実施した実験の結果を用いて、「感謝すること」や「感謝されること」がウェルビーイング度に与える影響について考察する。

DOI： 10.11497/jasmin.2018s.0_277

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 経営情報学会  

「ウェルビーイング工学」プロジェクトでは、職場の幸福度と生産性を向上させることを目的として、組織成員のウェルビーイングについての、一連の研究・実験・分析を進めている。行動調査票に書き込んだ幸福経験の1日の平均数の感度を求め、幸福感度別に強度と弱度に分類した。本発表では、複数の組織で実施した実験を踏まえ、組織内での個人の幸福感度の分布の分析を示し、感謝することが、幸福感度の違いにより、ウェルビーイング度にどのような影響を与えるかについて考察する。

DOI： 10.11497/jasmin.2018t10.0_17

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掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Knowledge sharing is an integral part for increasing the innovation capability of organizations. For small organizations, this is of particular importance, as they require a high innovation capability in order to support organizational growth. To support internal knowledge sharing, incentives encouraging sharing can be introduced. However, there is no clear understanding of how incentives should be used to support knowledge sharing in startups. Hence this article aims to answer the question: how can incentives be used to support knowledge sharing in startup organizations? To answer the research question, 10 semi-structured interviews with were carried out in Hong Kong and Japan. Nine of the interviews were carried out with founders and one was carried out with a lawyer who specializes in incentive creation. The interviews were then analyzed using cross-case analysis methodology. Results of the analysis show that the need for incentives depends on how clear the founder’s vision for the company is, how the founder views the employees and how motivated by the topic of work the employees are. The results give insight into whether incentives are needed to encourage knowledge sharing and when they should be used. The results also give future research directions into how incentive usage evolves over time as the organization starts to grow.

DOI： 10.1007/978-3-319-62698-7_7

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掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

These days, company workers have a lot of opportunity to collaborate with remote coworkers. In this study, we focused on “virtual same room” systems which provide a sense of co-existing virtually and enable real time interaction among remote offices. While many systems have been proposed, system effect was not fully evaluated in actual enterprise organization which has diverse workers and work context. To evaluate it, we conducted case study of implementation of SmoothSpace (SS) which is a teleconference type system, in remote offices of a Japanese manufacturing company. Survey was conducted in order to clarify the effects of SS and impact of two worker’s attributes, 1) job position and 2) working location on the effects. Results indicated that SS led frequent interaction between remote offices, and encouraged behaviors for knowledge creation. Frequency of interaction was depended on workers’ job position. Results also suggested that SS implementation had more significant impact on behaviors for knowledge creation of branch offices workers, rather than main office workers. These findings might be valuable to know environmental conditions in order to maximize a benefit of the systems implementation.

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掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Incentives to encourage knowledge sharing have received considerable attention from the research community. However, consensus on the influence of incentives on sharing levels and what are the critical success factors is yet to emerge. This causes challenges for both knowledge management researchers and practitioners, as the effects of incentive systems cannot be predicted consistently. Hence, this article aims to discuss the critical factors for creating incentive systems to encourage sharing. To improve the prediction accuracy for such systems, a new framework is proposed. The proposed framework is a combination of sociological and economical approaches, which covers both the influence incentives and the relational factors that govern the behaviour of individuals in any given relationship. Analysis of a case study base on the proposed framework is then compared to two alternative frameworks approaches to incentive design. The comparison between the predictions made by the three theories shows that the prediction power and that the critical factors for designing incentives varies significantly. Therefore, when managers design new incentive structures to encourage knowledge sharing, they need to consider which theory captures their hidden assumptions and the presented situation's foundations most accurately. Finally future research directions are suggested based on the predictions made with the framework are proposed.

DOI： 10.1145/2925995.2926014

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Lately, there has been more research interest regarding the processes of design activity. It can be stated that there are two types of design activity: design activity for commissioned tasks, in which the designer receives the customer's problems and needs, and design activity for spontaneous tasks, in which the customer's problems and needs are not given. Previous studies mainly focused on the work processes for commissioned tasks, disregarding spontaneous tasks. To clarify the features of processes for spontaneous tasks, we conducted an empirical investigation of the content designer 's design activity. The data was collected utilizing a questionnaire that was repeatedly taken throughout the actual work period, and a retrospective report method. The constitution of five typical actions (problem analysis, solution design, solution implementation, solution evaluation, and others) in the processes for both tasks were measured and compared. Results suggest the processes for spontaneous tasks have the ordered actions, contain little problem analysis, and have a high percentage of solution design after the designer has completed the outline of the outcome. This indicates the processes for spontaneous tasks have the features of possibility of structuring, self-preference centrality, indeterminateness of designed outline, and inheritance. These findings can be beneficial to determining a practical policy and tools for designer support.

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掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Nowadays, many companies collect Voice of the Customer (VOC) in order to understand more about customers and the way they think about the companies or products/services. Many collection methods are being used to capture those valuable resources. This paper introduces "VOC 3.0", a new Voice of the Customer (VOC) collection method through customer co-creation. This new method is aiming to create value with customers through co-creation activities and exploit knowledge residing both in customers and company. This study identifies the differences of VOC 3.0 from other traditional VOC collection methods. We also propose a theoretical framework for VOC 3.0 and introduce the case of Fuji Xerox's Customer Co-creation laboratory's open laboratory as an example of a successful company with VOC 3.0. From this case study, key activities of the collection method are listed by using Process-Workplace-Tool framework. Findings in this study also show the examples of process, workplace and tool that might be key activities in VOC 3.0.

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掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Incentives to encourage sharing are one important aspect in any knowledge-sharing initiative. By encouraging knowledge sharing organizations become more connected and more responsive towards the knowledge needs of members of the organization and their clients. However, currently there does not exist a consensus on the effects of incentives, as both positive and negative results have been derived indicating a gap in our understanding of incentive usage. This article aims to explain the reasons behind the mixed results. In this article, a framework proposed by Bowles & Polania-Reyes (2012) is presented and adapted to the knowledge-sharing context. The framework is based on research done within economics and is focused on the signaling information of incentives. The framework consists of two main categories: state-dependent preferences and endogenous preferences. State-dependent preferences breakdown into three sub categories: information on the principal, framing and self-determination. Endogenous preferences are concerned with how preferences are updated. First the details of the framework are discussed and then it is extended to the knowledge-sharing context. After the framework has been extended to the knowledge-sharing context, it is used to analyze previously published case studies. Based on the analysis predictions are derived, which are then compared to the published results. Results of the comparison show that the predictions made with the framework match the published results are closely. This indicates that the framework is a valuable addition to the toolbox of any researcher or practitioner working in the field of knowledge sharing and incentives. As the framework is adapted to the knowledge-sharing context there are some limitations. Namely, contextual factors, which cannot be derived from previously published results, and applying the framework as a blueprint for incentive design instead of a post-implementation analysis tool. These two limitations represent possible directions for future research.

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The influence of national culture on knowledge sharing has important implications for all organizations. However, the existing frameworks only cover a subset of relevant factors or limit the research of the framework to either organizational or national level. Hence, a more encompassing framework is needed. The question this articles answers is how does national culture influence knowledge sharing. Based on extensive literature review and interviews carried out in Finland and Japan, this article sets forth a foundation for a new framework. The framework details how national culture influences individual level and organizational level factors and technical tools. Additionally, the framework includes a new dimension, time-dimension, which is usually disregarded in knowledge sharing research. For researchers and practitioners, the derived framework provides key insight on relevant factors on knowledge sharing and national culture. Finally, future research directions are discussed.

DOI： 10.1007/978-3-319-21009-4_13

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掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

A new methodology for assessing managers' face-to-face (F-to-F) interactions in a hierarchical organization is proposed, and its effect on productivity was tested. On the basis of the proposed methodology, the centrality of F-to-F interactions across hierarchical layers in an organization is calculated. Unlike the traditional survey method, the F-to-F interaction is automatically captured from socio-metric sensors. An empirical test at two product-design organizations demonstrated that the high-productivity organization has the proposed F-to-F centrality in the middle layer, whereas the low-productivity organization has the centrality in the top layer. By clarifying the whole KM process of the target organizations through document update histories, field observations, and interviews, it was found that the autonomous task execution in the lower layers and the future strategy planning in the top layers are the underlying behavioral cause producing F-to-F centrality in the middle layer. The proposed methodology is thus a suitable index for assessing managers' behaviors that increase productivity and sustainability. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014.

DOI： 10.1007/978-3-319-08618-7_5

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掲載種別：論文集(書籍)内論文  

A new knowledge-creation model, called sensor-data-driven knowledge creation (SDD-KC), which utilizes sensor data for discovering tacit knowledge, is proposed and tested. The proposed model utilizes wearable sensors to digitize tacit activities such as location, motion, and social interaction of people. To derive practical knowledge, the obtained data is statistically analyzed and associated with performance outcome. An empirical test at a retail store demonstrated that the SDD-KC model was able to derive a rule that leads to customers’ behavioral change, which contributed to a sales increase. In contrast, the traditional knowledge-creation model, applied in the same setting, failed to identify effective ideas. The proposed SDD-KC model was thus shown to be effective for knowledge creation by overcoming cognitive limitations of people.

DOI： 10.1007/978-94-007-7287-8_11

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Lately the role of the office environment in improving knowledge creation capabilities has been gaining more attention, and various types of information systems have been proposed to promote interaction among office workers. This study focuses on the concept of "awareness information," which shows a worker's presence and status. In previous studies, many types of information systems have been proposed to improve awareness information among geographically separated offices to enhance interaction among workers. However, they mainly focused on the awareness of an individual worker's status, and neither on the relationship among the workers nor the generated context. We propose the concept of "awareness information of Ba," which we define to mean awareness of the self-assembled dynamic context of workers, objects and their relationships in the office. The researchers constructed an information system called "Office Teller," which aims to improve the awareness information of Ba between physically separated offices. The system constructed uses cartoon-style stories to express the dynamic context of each office and to share the context information with a remote office. The system was tested at two sites: laboratory rooms of university and offices of company. Results from the experiments indicate that the system implemented improves cross-office context awareness and increases sense of connection, mutual attentiveness and understanding.

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide an example of how an apparently incongruent combination of organizational variables can have a positive effect on innovation through knowledge creation. Design/methodology/approach: Based on previous theory, four original hypotheses were developed and later tested with empirical data collected from 125 research and development organizations in Japan, using analysis of variance and regression analysis. Findings: Managerial influences and resources can significantly interact to generate a combined impact on the knowledge creation capability of organizations, which in turn is positively associated with their innovation performance. In particular, long-term managerial influences were found to have a greater impact on knowledge creation when combined with knowledge-exploitation resources. Synthesizing short-term managerial influences with knowledge-exploitation resources is not better than combining them with exploration resources. This holds true especially for organizations of small and medium size. Research limitations/implications: This study only evaluates one case of many possibilities of seemingly antithetical combinations that can also have a beneficial impact in organizations. A larger and diverse sample, together with enhanced dimensions of managerial influences and organizational resources can make this study's implications much more universal. Practical implications: An ingenious and purposeful synthesis of organizational variables conventionally seen as incompatible and contradictory can in reality benefit organizational goals related to knowledge creation and innovation. Originality/value: This study puts forward a unique framework and perspective highlighting the importance of combinatory effects and the management of duality in organizations. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

DOI： 10.1108/13673271311300822

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掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

A new methodology called "sensor-based knowledge discovery", which utilizes wearable sensors and statistical analysis, is proposed and evaluated. This methodology facilitates identifying new knowledge that can improve business outcome. It utilizes wearable sensors to unobtrusively capture people's location, motion, and social interaction with others. The captured data is converted into multidimensional situational variables and then statistically analyzed to deliver a "rule set," which forms the basis of new knowledge related to business outcome. The methodology was evaluated through a case study at a retail store. A hypothetical rule, that is, a particular area (a so-called "hot spot") in the store where employee's presence correlates with average sales per customer, was identified. Based on the identified rule, a measure to concentrate employees in that area was initiated. Consequently, increasing employees' presence ("staying time") in the hot spot by 70% increased average sales per customer by 15%. This result demonstrates the effectiveness of the methodology; namely, the new sensor-based knowledge discovery can improve actual business performance.

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掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

This study analyzes how an apparent paradoxical combination of managerial practices and organizational resources affects the knowledge-creation capability of organizations. The propositions developed are theoretically supported and for the greatest part empirically validated, thus transcending the conventional understanding and generating insightful perspectives and practical implications for both academicians and practitioners. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

DOI： 10.1007/978-3-642-30867-3_21

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Knowledge has been long cited as a strategic asset and a source of competitive advantage for organizations. However, the creation of knowledge is a complex process that is influenced by several factors beyond the typical practice of knowledge management (KM). In this research, we assess the effects of leadership, Ba (shared context in motion), organizational culture, organizational control, and work style on KM defined in terms of the SECI process of socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization. On the basis of data gathered from a questionnaire survey of a Japanese pharmaceutical company and its subsidiaries in the United States, France, and China, we compare how the aforementioned organizational factors influence the processes of KM in these organizations. The results show that organizational factors affect KM practices differently in each of the targeted countries, and suggest that KM activities need to be tailored to the organizational idiosyncrasies of each local office, without betraying the global vision of the corporation. © 2011 Operational Research Society. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1057/kmrp.2011.1

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

This research, using large questionnaire data collected from a Japanese pharmaceutical company, attempts to examine the impact of organisational culture, leadership, and reporting styles on knowledge management, which can support innovation, assessing the significance of levels of comprehension and implementation of the corporate mission. Those with a better understanding and consistent realisation of the corporate mission were found to spend significantly more time on knowledge management activities, suggesting that the organisation should better communicate the corporate mission to employees and translate it into clear objectives. Moreover, these results have revealed discriminate enablers of knowledge management among employees with higher levels of comprehension and implementation of the corporate mission and those with lower levels. In the former group, time spent on knowledge management activities was solely the result of organisational culture, while in the latter, involvement in knowledge management was the product of both high open-mindedness and more inclusive reporting. These findings suggest first that a strong mission shared and put into practice among the workforce is a powerful driver of knowledge management, and second, that open-mindedness and more inclusive reporting can substitute for a strong corporate mission and support knowledge management activities. © 2011 World Scientific Publishing Co.

DOI： 10.1142/S0219649211002869

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掲載種別：論文集(書籍)内論文  

This chapter explores how knowledge management, an enabler of change due to its knowledge creation capability, is subject to several forces that shape its processes and outcomes. A qualitative analysis based on data from a case study of the first major rollout of smartcard technology in France shows how institutional isomorphic pressures affect not only knowledge management processes but also resulting innovations. Government impetus, legal authorities, and cultural expectations in French society produced coercive isomorphic pressures on the credit card industry, while existing credit card solutions, systems, and standards played the role of mimetic pressures, and professional networks and network externalities acted as normative pressures. The study suggests that a systems perspective which acknowledges these institutional isomorphic pressures can lead to greater strategic alignment and can provide a basis for meaningful differentiation and competitive advantage. © 2011, IGI Global.

DOI： 10.4018/978-1-60566-701-0.ch009

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to confirm quantitatively the previous finding that organizational characteristics influence knowledge management, and to assess whether the national culture of knowledge workers equally affects the management of knowledge. Design/methodology/approach: Based on data gathered from a questionnaire survey of a Japanese pharmaceutical company's 14 foreign subsidiaries, the effects of organizational characteristics and national culture on knowledge management were tested using multiple regression analysis. Findings: Although organizational characteristics and national culture were found to affect knowledge management, the data showed organizational characteristics to be a stronger prescriptive factor compared with national culture. Research limitations/implications: Because this research centered on a single company in the pharmaceutical industry, future research should attempt to confirm the validity of this framework in other industries. Practical implications: Changes in organizational characteristics, such as structure and relationship in particular, rather than adjustments in the composition of employees' nationalities, will have a stronger impact on the resulting knowledge management. Originality/value: This framework linking organizational characteristics and national culture to knowledge management had received a first justification using a case study approach with a qualitative comparative method and has now been confirmed with a quantitative approach. Among the predictors of knowledge management beyond the realm of deliberate measures within the firm, the data show that organizational characteristics exert a stronger influence than national culture. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

DOI： 10.1108/13673271011032364

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Technology licensing can be interpreted as a marketing activity. Many companies as well as university technology licensing organisations (TLOs) that pursue profit from technological assets recognise the significance of the marketing perspective on technology licensing. However, not all the companies and TLOs are able to achieve a satisfactory performance in their activities. This is mainly because the marketing of technology needs a different approach from those of the marketing of consumer goods, service goods and industrial goods. Technology as knowledge is invisible and highly uncertain in the process of value realisation, and this requires idiosyncratic marketing approaches. In this paper, we address the nature of technology marketing in comparison with the marketing of other goods and discuss key factors of success for higher licensing performance based on a questionnaire survey and the case analysis of TLOs in Japan. We will further discuss the difference in approaches depending on the type of technology.

DOI： 10.1504/IJTMKT.2010.035693

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掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Industrial maturation and technological accumulation have fostered the need for the exploration of new applications of existing technology. This paper identifies how R&D workers from companies or research institutions visualize and describe their technology to other entities inside and outside the organization when they are exploring a technology's potential applications. This research uses a web-based questionnaire survey of R&D personnel working in Japan. The first finding of the survey shows that when the presentation team includes non-technical people (e.g. product development, marketing, or sales) in addition to the technical staff in-charge, technology visualization tends to be more effective. At the same time, the audience of such technology visualization should also be cross-functional. The second finding illustrates that, even though the audience is most often made up of acquaintances working within the same organization, technology visualization is also effective with non-acquaintances working in different organizations in order to lead to the successful exploration of such technology's potential applications. © 2007 PICMET.

DOI： 10.1109/PICMET.2007.4349509

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掲載種別：論文集(書籍)内論文  

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掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

While Knowledge Management (KM) has been shown to be a strategic source of competitive advantage (CA), processes designed at enhancing the productivity of knowledge do not however equally contribute to the organization's capabilities. Consequently, this research, using data collected from the entire population of a firm's personnel in Japan, focuses on the relationship between each mode of the KM process and multiple CAs, and investigates how different perceptions and behaviors on KM affect those CAs. This research-in-progress paper reports preliminary results showing that the perceived importance of KM activities appears as an important source of 'technical competitive advantage', and that more time spent on KM activities contributes to an 'affective competitive advantage'. Further analysis involves a taxonomy of employees based on their perceived importance of and the time they spend on KM. The goal of this research is to identify, among sub-groups by department or function, specific KM processes that can durably increase the firm's competitiveness, and to examine eventually whether KM behaviors have a uniform effect on CA across national borders within the same company.

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

The transfer of university technology' is not only a one-way transfer process of technological outputs matching a scientific discovery with a market need, but also the building of teams of university and business people working towards the common goal of technological knowledge creation. The role of university Technology Licensing Offices (TLOs) is to facilitate this long-term partnership. The result of a questionnaire survey of university TLOs in Japan (n=40) reveals that "individual type TLOs" (where TLO performance is merely the sum of each member's individual output) were fewer than expected, while "organizational type TLOs" (where TLO performance depends on organizational assets or collaboration among members) were dominant. Yet, when considering such factors as the TLO's mission, the members' employment status and previous occupations, and the time allocation for each TLO activity, differences among TLOs were observed. Hence, by analyzing these organizational factors, those affecting the TLOs' performance were identified. The implications of this research are that TLOs where either (1) the proportion of full-time or permanent members is high, or the number of staffs with previous work experience in private companies is important, or (2) the time allocation ratio between sales, legal affairs and strategic activities is approximately 6:2:2, may enjoy greater performance. (c) 2006 PICMET.

DOI： 10.1109/PICMET.2006.296758

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

Technology licensing can be interpreted as a marketing activity that includes setting a target user, demonstrating the value of technology, negotiating prices, planning effective promotion, and so forth. Many companies as well as university Technology Licensing Organizations (TLOs) that pursue profit from technological assets, recognize the significance of the marketing perspective on technology licensing. However, not all companies and TLOs are able to achieve a satisfactory performance in their activities. This is mainly because the marketing of technology needs a different approach from those of the marketing of consumer goods, service goods, and industrial goods. Technology as knowledge is invisible and highly uncertain in the process of value realization, and this requires idiosyncratic marketing approaches. In this paper, we address the nature of technology marketing in comparison with the marketing of other goods and discuss key factors of success for higher licensing performance based on a questionnaire survey and the case analysis of TLOs in Japan. Major findings of the research show the importance of selecting a license target in the early stage, enhancing the visibility of the technology, and presenting the feasibility and usability of the technology in the context of the licensees' business field. We will further discuss the difference in approaches depending on the type of technology. (c) 2006 PICMET.

DOI： 10.1109/PICMET.2006.296760

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）   出版者・発行元：ST MARTINS PRESS INC  

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記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1108/13665620910934816

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記述言語：英語  

Purpose: While knowledge management has been shown to be a strategic source of competitive advantage, processes designed to enhance the productivity of knowledge do not, however, equally contribute to the organization's capabilities. Consequently, this research aims to focus on the relationship between each mode of the knowledge management process and multiple sources of competitive advantage. Design/methodology/approach: This research, using questionnaire data collected from the entire population of a pharmaceutical company's head office in Japan, investigates how different perceptions and behaviors related to knowledge management affect the perceived contribution of certain types of organizational knowledge acting as sources of competitive advantage. Findings: The study finds that the perceived importance of knowledge management activities, especially combination, appears as an important source of competitive advantage related to technical knowledge, and more time spent on knowledge management tasks, in particular socialization, contributes to a competitive advantage related to affective knowledge. Further analysis involves a taxonomy of employees based on their perceived importance of, and the time they spend on, knowledge management activities Research limitations/implications: This paper focuses on the entire population of a single firm, and for that reason, further research with other companies in different industries is necessary. Practical implications: There is evidence suggesting that knowledge management strategies should be tailored to fit the discriminate beliefs and actions of each group of workers, identified based on their level of congruence between their espoused theories and theories-in-use related to knowledge management. Originality/value: The taxonomy of workers introduced in the paper emphasizes the fact that the workforce is not a uniform body and therefore that intrinsic differences need to be taken into account to maximize the efficiency of knowledge management. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

DOI： 10.1108/13665620910934816

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The "transfer of university technology" is not only a one-way transfer process of technological outputs matching a scientific discovery with a market need, but also the building of teams of university and business people working towards the common goal of technological knowledge creation. The result of a questionnaire survey of university TLOs in Japan (n = 40) reveals that 'individual-type TLOs' were fewer than expected, while 'organisational-type TLOs' were dominant. The members' employment status and previous occupations, and the time allocation for each TLO activity, differences among TLOs were noticeable. Copyright © 2009 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

DOI： 10.1504/ijkms.2009.023468

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In response to the concern regarding the evaluation of knowledge management initiatives, this study introduces the concept of 'knowledge creating capabilities'. This concept refers to the balance of the four knowledge creation modes proposed in the SECI Model by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995). The relationship of this concept with corporate financial performance is explored using two financial indicators on small and medium Japanese enterprises from the manufacturing sector. The empirical evidence shows the positive association of knowledge creation capabilities with financial performance.

DOI： 10.1504/IJKMS.2009.023485

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：東京 : 日本経営工学会  

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その他リンク： http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/10529123

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1504/IJIE.2009.024410

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DOI： 10.1504/IJKMS.2009.023485

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記述言語：英語  

As governments attempt to stimulate the economy, solving the issue of disconnect between institutional systems legitimised in routine on the one hand and innovation striving on change on the other hand, promises to lead to a newfound virtuous cycle of growth. Knowledge Management (KM), as enabler of change using its knowledge creation capability, is subject to different forces that shape its processes and eventually the resulting innovation. A qualitative analysis based on data gathered from the case study of the first major rollout of smartcard technology in France shows how institutional isomorphic pressures affect not only the Management Of Technology (MOT) but also the KM processes applied in the creation and maintenance of the resulting innovation. The government impetus, legal authorities and cultural expectations in the French society produced coercive isomorphic pressures onto the credit card industry, while existing credit card solutions, systems and standards played the role of mimetic isomorphic pressures and professional networks and network effects functioned as normative isomorphic pressures. Also, it is shown that a systems perspective of institutional isomorphic pressures can provide a better understanding of interdependence mechanisms. Copyright © 2009, Inderscience Publishers.

DOI： 10.1504/IJIE.2009.024410

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記述言語：英語  

Purpose - The use of knowledge in organizations is largely a discretionary behavior that can be encouraged but not demanded. As such, the firm can only attempt to provide the right conditions for employees to endorse the role of knowledge workers. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the organization of the firm affects knowledge management. Design/methodology/approach - This research proposes a new framework showing the prescriptive role of organizational characteristics onto knowledge management (KM) initiatives. Based on this framework, data were generated from nine semi-structured interviews conducted in the American, British and Japanese offices of a major Japanese pharmaceutical company, using a Boolean approach and qualitative content analysis. Findings - Organizational characteristics, specifically - structure, membership, relationship, and strategy affect KM, namely - knowledge acquisition, storage, diffusion, and application respectively. Researchlimitations/implications - Even though the departments of each local office under study were matched in terms of activity, the size of their own domestic market made comparisons sometimes challenging. Practical implications - This research suggests that practitioners can increase the yield of KM when integrated upstream into the elementary business processes rather than when left voluntary. Originality/value - This paper uncovers a possible link between the firm's organizational characteristics and KM, and the new practical framework can be useful to both scholars and practitioners.

DOI： 10.1108/13673270810852368

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 経営情報学会  

情報技術投資によって形成された情報技術資産の特性と、情報技術投資が行われた組織の特性という二つの特性を考慮して、情報技術投資の意思決定者が情報技術投資の効果をどのように認識しているかを分析した。情報技術資産の特性はマネジメントの目的に沿った５分類で、組織の特性は組織IQに沿った５分類で、情報技術投資の効果はバランス・スコアカードに沿った４分類でそれぞれ把握し、作成した質問票を用いて「IT経営百選」に選出された中小企業を対象とするアンケート調査を実施し、データを収集した。分析の結果、効果認識における基幹系システムと新規戦略系システムの差異、効果を高く認識する企業の組織特性の傾向、IT投資の投資配分の動向、などが明らかになった。

DOI： 10.11497/jasmin.2008s.0.52.0

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記述言語：英語  

Purpose - The use of knowledge in organizations is largely a discretionary behavior that can be encouraged but not demanded. As such, the firm can only attempt to provide the right conditions for employees to endorse the role of knowledge workers. The purpose of this paper is to examine how the organization of the firm affects knowledge management. Design/methodology/approach - This research proposes a new framework showing the prescriptive role of organizational characteristics onto knowledge management (KM) initiatives. Based on this framework, data were generated from nine semi-structured interviews conducted in the American, British and Japanese offices of a major Japanese pharmaceutical company, using a Boolean approach and qualitative content analysis. Findings - Organizational characteristics, specifically - structure, membership, relationship, and strategy affect KM, namely - knowledge acquisition, storage, diffusion, and application respectively. Researchlimitations/implications - Even though the departments of each local office under study were matched in terms of activity, the size of their own domestic market made comparisons sometimes challenging. Practical implications - This research suggests that practitioners can increase the yield of KM when integrated upstream into the elementary business processes rather than when left voluntary. Originality/value - This paper uncovers a possible link between the firm's organizational characteristics and KM, and the new practical framework can be useful to both scholars and practitioners.

DOI： 10.1108/13673270810852368

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記述言語：英語  

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose propose a practical framework for the design and measure of active ba and assess whether workplace reformation initiatives actively contribute to promoting knowledge creation by activating ba. Design/methodology/approach – The workplace reformation is first segmented into virtual and physical environments. Then, using the SECI knowledge-creation process, the effects of each environment as well as their mutual interactions on active ba are analyzed. Next, the case studies of two workplace reformations are introduced, the first using a qualitative analysis and the second the results of a questionnaire survey carried out at three different stages of the implementation. Findings – The effective implementation of workplace reformation in two separate entities enabled the creation of active ba. The influence of the physical and virtual environments on the creation of active ba were significantly different, thus justifying the assumption of the division of such environmental factors. The main factor of active ba generated by a complete workplace reformation was shown to be direct communication. Research limitations/implications – The two firms studied here belong to the same group of companies, and both departments' workplace reformations were conducted by the same person, whose widely known track record may be seen as a self-fulfilling prophecy. Practical implications – Because these two types of workplace reformation reversely impact the emergence of direct communication, and therefore the type of active ba, practitioners could avoid the co-existence of groups organized under different configurations by simultaneously implementing a workplace reformation across both virtual and physical environments. Originality/value – This research shows how workplace reformation – achieved with the same people, all things being equal, relatively immediately and inexpensively – can raise knowledge productivity. © 2007, Emerald Group Publishing Limited

DOI： 10.1108/14601060710776725

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記述言語：英語  

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose propose a practical framework for the design and measure of active ba and assess whether workplace reformation initiatives actively contribute to promoting knowledge creation by activating ba. Design/methodology/approach – The workplace reformation is first segmented into virtual and physical environments. Then, using the SECI knowledge-creation process, the effects of each environment as well as their mutual interactions on active ba are analyzed. Next, the case studies of two workplace reformations are introduced, the first using a qualitative analysis and the second the results of a questionnaire survey carried out at three different stages of the implementation. Findings – The effective implementation of workplace reformation in two separate entities enabled the creation of active ba. The influence of the physical and virtual environments on the creation of active ba were significantly different, thus justifying the assumption of the division of such environmental factors. The main factor of active ba generated by a complete workplace reformation was shown to be direct communication. Research limitations/implications – The two firms studied here belong to the same group of companies, and both departments' workplace reformations were conducted by the same person, whose widely known track record may be seen as a self-fulfilling prophecy. Practical implications – Because these two types of workplace reformation reversely impact the emergence of direct communication, and therefore the type of active ba, practitioners could avoid the co-existence of groups organized under different configurations by simultaneously implementing a workplace reformation across both virtual and physical environments. Originality/value – This research shows how workplace reformation – achieved with the same people, all things being equal, relatively immediately and inexpensively – can raise knowledge productivity. © 2007, Emerald Group Publishing Limited

DOI： 10.1108/14601060710776725

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：経営情報学会誌編集事務局  

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その他リンク： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16201032/

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その他リンク： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16201032/

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その他リンク： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16201032/

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その他リンク： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16201032/

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その他リンク： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16201032/

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その他リンク： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16201032/

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その他リンク： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16201032/

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その他リンク： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16201032/

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会  

情報は管理できるが,知識は管理できない。この考え方が,知識経営の基本的スタンスである。なぜならば,情報と違って知識には個人の価値観が含まれているからである。知識経営とは,知識を管理するのではなく,リーダーシップと場づくりによって知識創造プロセスを促進することである。本稿は,NTTドコモのオフィス改革の取り組みを事例として取り上げ,知識創造プロセスを促進する場がどのようにして創設・活性化されるかについて検討した。具体的には,「オフィスレイアウトの変更」を物理的環境の変更・整備,「イントラネットの構築」を仮想的環境の変更・整備と捉え,これらが場の創設・活性化にどのような影響を与えうるのかについて考察を加えた。

DOI： 10.18919/jkg.54.10_521

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DOI： 10.18919/jkg.54.10_521

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：経営情報学会誌編集事務局  

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その他リンク： http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/10949297

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人電子情報通信学会  

既存大企業は現行の技術・市場に最適化されているため,破壊的技術が主導するイノベーションに積極的に対応して,新市場での支配的地位を築くことは不可能であるといわれる.しかしながら,破壊的技術を軸にしたバリュー・ネットワークにおいて新興小企業が支配的地位を確立する前であるならば,既存大企業が新バリュー・ネットワークに参入し,自らが有利となるような構造へと誘導することが可能なのではなかろうか.本稿では,ネット化(eビジネス化)が進行しつつある音楽産業を事例として,既存大企業(レコード会社)が新バリュー・ネットワークに参入する方法,および自らが有利となるようなモデル,について検討する.

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：東洋経済新報社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：経営情報学会誌編集事務局  

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その他リンク： http://dl.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/10949297

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人電子情報通信学会  

既存大企業は現行の技術・市場に最適化されているため,破壊的技術が主導するイノベーションに積極的に対応して,新市場での支配的地位を築くことは不可能であるといわれる.しかしながら,破壊的技術を軸にしたバリュー・ネットワークにおいて新興小企業が支配的地位を確立する前であるならば,既存大企業が新バリュー・ネットワークに参入し,自らが有利となるような構造へと誘導することが可能なのではなかろうか.本稿では,ネット化(eビジネス化)が進行しつつある音楽産業を事例として,既存大企業(レコード会社)が新バリュー・ネットワークに参入する方法,および自らが有利となるようなモデル,について検討する.

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その他リンク： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16330070/

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：東洋経済新報社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：東洋経済新報社  

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出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 経営情報学会  

本稿では、日本の製薬会社(エーザイ株式会社)における事例調査をもとに、部門の知識ビジョンを全社イントラネット上に公開することの効果について検討する。同社では、基本理念の浸透を主たる目的として、「ナレッジマップ構築」の取り組みがなされている。これは、イントラネット上での公開を前提として、部門レベルの知識ビジョンと、さらにその下位の課·室レベルの知識ビジョンを、当事者の話し合いによって作成するものである。このような取り組みの効果についてサーベイデータやインタビューデータの分析を通じて検討することで、(1)部門や下位組織の知識ビジョンは、抽象度の高い基本理念と具体性の高い活動テーマとのギャップを乗り越えるための架け橋となりうるのではないか、(2)知識ビジョン作成過程での話し合いによって、下位組織の対話能力が向上する可能性があるのではないか、(3)知識ビジョンをイントラネット上に公開するだけでは部門間のコラボレーションを促進する効果は薄く、知識ビジョンから部門間の関係性を洞察する第三者が必要なのではないか、という知見を得た。

DOI： 10.11497/jasmin.2002.0.26.0

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出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 経営情報学会  

組織活性化を狙って企業に導入された目標管理制度（MBO）が、思ったような成功を収めなかったり、弊害を生んでしまったりしている。本稿では企業の知識創造活動を促進するという観点からこの問題をとらえ、目標管理制度を補完する制度（本稿ではこれをMBB: Management by Beliefと呼ぶ）の整備が課題であると主張する。そして、MBOとMBBの相互補完を実現するための一方法として、MBO面談を「想いを語る場」に変容させる、という施策を提案する。

DOI： 10.11497/jasmin.2002f.0.65.0

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：白桃書房  

ソフトウェア産業における製品開発の研究は，最善あるいは最適の開発プロセスを記述することに主眼が置かれてきた．しかし，ソフトウェア開発をとりまく諸事情の変化によって，適合的なプロセスが切り替わっているだけではなく，プロジェクト・リーダーが持つ方針や製品観，開発者観が根底から変化しているようである．フィールド調査から得たのは，従来と比べて事前計画への依存度が低く即興性が高い「状況的行為」をおこなうリーダーの姿であった．これを「状況論的リーダーシップ」として概念化し，製品開発とプロセスモデルに関する議論や，リーダーの熟練に関する議論に新たなアイデアを提示する．

DOI： 10.11207/soshikikagaku.20220730-26

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本醸造協会  

DOI： 10.6013/jbrewsocjapan1988.96.500

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：[東京] : 人工知能学会  

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その他リンク： http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/5700745

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Elsevier Ltd  

The authors argue that current knowledge management practice, which focuses on managing explicit data and information technology, is not enough. Tacit knowledge, such as subjective insights or emotions must also be considered. Converting between these forms of knowledge is important, and the concept of ART (action-reflex-trigger) systems is introduced to enable this to take place. ART systems enable companies to implement a multi-dynamic approach to knowledge management. The complex concept of 'ba' is introduced - a shared mental space for knowledge creation - which provides a foundation for knowledge creation. The authors explore the nature, context and enabling conditions for ART systems and show how ba can be employed in ART systems. A case study - of the Seven-Eleven Japan corporation is presented, whose outstanding success is based on the capitalization of market knowledge, striking a balance between supportive IT and human insight, to achieve a multi-dynamic approach to knowledge management. The company integrates several interlinked ba and ART systems.

DOI： 10.1016/S0263-2373(98)00044-9

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：Elsevier Ltd  

The authors argue that current knowledge management practice, which focuses on managing explicit data and information technology, is not enough. Tacit knowledge, such as subjective insights or emotions must also be considered. Converting between these forms of knowledge is important, and the concept of ART (action-reflex-trigger) systems is introduced to enable this to take place. ART systems enable companies to implement a multi-dynamic approach to knowledge management. The complex concept of 'ba' is introduced - a shared mental space for knowledge creation - which provides a foundation for knowledge creation. The authors explore the nature, context and enabling conditions for ART systems and show how ba can be employed in ART systems. A case study - of the Seven-Eleven Japan corporation is presented, whose outstanding success is based on the capitalization of market knowledge, striking a balance between supportive IT and human insight, to achieve a multi-dynamic approach to knowledge management. The company integrates several interlinked ba and ART systems.

DOI： 10.1016/S0263-2373(98)00044-9

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本情報経営学会  

This paper presents a new perspective toward information technology, which reflects the emergence of "knowledge society" and the ongoing paradigm shift from "information processing" to "knowledge creation" in business management. Based upon the theoretical and practical framework for "organizational knowledge creation" constructed by Professors Nonaka and Takeuchi at Hitotsubashi University, we explain the "knowledge spiral" across four modes of "knowledge conversion" and across organizational levels (individual, group, organizational, and inter-organizational), then five enabling conditions to promote the knowledge spiral, and finally a more practical five-phase model of the organizational knowledge creation process, along with actual uses of information technology.

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

This paper examines how information technology (IT) can help implement the concept of ''the knowledge-creating company,'' which we propose as the management paradigm for the emerging ''knowledge society.'' We present our theory of organizational knowledge creation along with actual examples of IT that are being used now or can be used in the near future by business organizations. Also, several differences between the Japanese- vs. Western-style organizational knowledge creation and their implications in relation to IT are discussed. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

DOI： 10.1016/0160-791X(96)00001-2

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

This paper examines how information technology (IT) can help implement the concept of ''the knowledge-creating company,'' which we propose as the management paradigm for the emerging ''knowledge society.'' We present our theory of organizational knowledge creation along with actual examples of IT that are being used now or can be used in the near future by business organizations. Also, several differences between the Japanese- vs. Western-style organizational knowledge creation and their implications in relation to IT are discussed. Copyright (C) 1996 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

DOI： 10.1016/0160-791X(96)00001-2

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会議種別：ポスター発表  

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